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Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Apr 2015
Topics: Brucella canis
PubMed: 26065455
DOI: 10.4067/S0716-10182015000300011 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2018Phylogenetic sister clades and within the order Rhizobiales present some common biological characteristics as well as evident differences in adaptations to their... (Review)
Review
Phylogenetic sister clades and within the order Rhizobiales present some common biological characteristics as well as evident differences in adaptations to their mammalian reservoirs. We reviewed published data on and infections in wild carnivores to compare the ecology of these bacteria in relatively similar host environments. Arthropod vectors are the main mechanism for species transmission between mammalian hosts. The role of arthropods in transmission of remains disputed, however experimental studies and reported detection of in arthropods indicate potential vector transmission. More commonly, transmission of occurs via contact exposure to infected animals or the environment contaminated with their discharges. Of 26 species of carnivores tested for both and , 58% harbored either. Among them were bobcats, African lions, golden jackals, coyotes, wolves, foxes, striped skunks, sea otters, raccoons, and harbor seals. The most common species of in wild carnivores was , found in 23 species, followed by in 12, in ten, and subsp. in seven. Among species, was reported in over 30 terrestrial carnivore species, followed by in seven. Marine carnivores, such as seals and sea lions, can host . In contrast, there is no evidence of a strain specific for marine mammals. species are present practically in every sampled species of wild felids, but of 14 studies of felids, only five reported and those were limited to detection of antibodies. We found no reports of in bears while was detected in these animals. There is evident host-specificity of species in wild carnivores (e.g., in felids and subsp. in canids). A co-adaptation of with terrestrial wild carnivore hosts is not as straightforward as in domestic animals. Wild carnivores often carry the same pathogens as their domesticated relatives (cats and dogs), but the risk of exposure varies widely because of differences in biology, distribution, and historical interactions.
PubMed: 30662899
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00322 -
Gene Apr 2022Brucella canis is responsible for canine brucellosis, a neglected zoonotic disease. The omp25 gene has been described as an important marker for Brucella intra-species...
Brucella canis is responsible for canine brucellosis, a neglected zoonotic disease. The omp25 gene has been described as an important marker for Brucella intra-species differentiation, in addition to the ability to interact with the host immune system. Therefore, this study investigated the omp25 sequence from B. canis strains associated to a phylogenetic characterization and the unveiling of the molecular structure. In vitro analyses comprised DNA extraction, PCR, and sequencing of omp25 from 19 B. canis strains. Moreover, in silico analyses were performed at nucleotide level for phylogenetic characterization and evolutionary history of B. canis omp25 gene; and in amino acid level including modeling, dynamics, and epitope prediction of B. canis Omp25 protein. Here, we identified a new mutation, L109P, which diverges the worldwide omp25 sequences in two large branches. Interestingly, this mutation appears to have epidemiology importance, based on a geographical distribution of B. canis strains. Structural and molecular dynamics analyses of Omp25 revealed that Omp25 does not sustain its native β-barrel. Likewise, the conformation of B-cell epitope on the mutated region was changed in Omp25 protein. Even without an evolutive marker, the new identified mutation appears to affect the basic function of B. canis Omp25 protein, which could indicate virulence adaptation for some B. canis strains in a context of geographical disposition.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Brucella canis; Evolution, Molecular; Genes, Bacterial; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Protein Conformation; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 35031422
DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146175 -
Veterinary Sciences Jan 2022Canine brucellosis, a worldwide zoonotic disease, is mainly caused by . In the present study, we isolated a strain (CD3) from a subclinically infected pet dog in...
Canine brucellosis, a worldwide zoonotic disease, is mainly caused by . In the present study, we isolated a strain (CD3) from a subclinically infected pet dog in Sichuan Province, Southwestern China. Classical biotyping methods and molecular biological tests (BCSP31 and BcSS PCR) proved that the strain belonged to . Furthermore, CD3 and another two strains (WJ5 and YA4), which were all isolated from pet dogs in Sichuan, were genotyped using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Our results showed that the three strains were identified as the same sequence type (ST21). The present study is the first to report strain from a subclinically infected pet dog in China, indicating a potential threat to public health posed by subclinical infections in pet dogs. We suggest that screening for should be incorporated into routine medical examination of pet dogs and other companion animals in areas with a history of animal or human brucellosis.
PubMed: 35051106
DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9010022 -
Acta Medica Portuguesa Dec 1999Brucellosis is a zoonosis, reported for the first time in 1859 by Marston, in Malta. It has also been referred to as Mediterranean Fever, Malta Fever and Bang's disease.... (Review)
Review
Brucellosis is a zoonosis, reported for the first time in 1859 by Marston, in Malta. It has also been referred to as Mediterranean Fever, Malta Fever and Bang's disease. Its causative agent was isolated by David Bruce in 1886; this was Brucella melitensis: five different strains were later described: B. abortus, B. suis, B. ovis, B. neotomae and B. canis. Recently, in 1994, the isolation of Brucella was reported in marine mammals, eventually pathogenic to man and unofficially designated "B. maris". Human brucellosis is still a public health problem in countries where the infection has not been eradicated from the animal hosts. When manifested, human disease may assume different courses, widely known, but whose physiopathology is still not totally clear. Much is already known about the agent's molecular biology and in vitro behaviour, but, doubts persist about its in vivo activity, including in human infection. We review some aspects of brucellosis, focusing on the pathogenesis, and referring to new and potential diagnostic methods, therapy and prevention.
Topics: Brucellosis; Humans
PubMed: 10892434
DOI: No ID Found -
Veterinary Medicine and Science May 2022Brucellosis, as a zoonotic disease, mainly occurs in horses by Brucella abortus, Brucella canis and Brucella suis. The disease in equines is often asymptomatic, but the...
BACKGROUND
Brucellosis, as a zoonotic disease, mainly occurs in horses by Brucella abortus, Brucella canis and Brucella suis. The disease in equines is often asymptomatic, but the clinical signs in horses are mostly characterized by bursitis, arthritis and tenosynovitis.
OBJECTIVES
This study, thus, aimed to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis and its associated risk factors in the Arabian horses of Khuzestan province, South-west Iran.
METHODS
To that end, the blood samples randomly collected from 180 Arabian horses were analyzed for the presence of anti-Brucella antibodies by Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT), serum agglutination test (SAT), 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-ME) and a commercial i-ELISA kit.
RESULTS
The ROC curve analysis showed that the best cut-off point for S/P values in i-ELISA turned out to be 26.25%. The results showed that the overall seroprevalence of brucellosis based on parallel interpretation of the test results was 12.22% (Positive/Tested = 22/180). The prevalence of acute and chronic brucellosis was 8.3 and 3.9%, respectively. The seroprevalence of brucellosis with RBPT and i-ELISA methods was 1.11% (2/180) and 7.22% (13/180), respectively. According to what SAT revealed, 9.44% (17/180) of sera had a titer of 40 or greater, and at 2-ME, 7.22% of samples (13 out of 180 samples) depicted a titer of 40. The results of i-ELISA, SAT and 2-ME were significantly different from those of RBPT (p < 0.01); however, there was no significant difference between i-ELISA, SAT and 2-ME in findings (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study recommend that i-ELISA be used for screening purposes of brucellosis in horses. The findings confirmed that Arabian horses are natural hosts for the Brucellae. It is, thus, necessary to adopt appropriate prevention and control programs by health authorities and horse owners so as to reduce the distribution and transmission of the infection in the regions where brucellosis is prevalent.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial; Brucella abortus; Brucellosis; Horse Diseases; Horses; Mercaptoethanol; Risk Factors; Rose Bengal; Seroepidemiologic Studies
PubMed: 35122678
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.759 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Nov 2023Human brucellosis, one of the most common zoonoses worldwide, is rare in Japan. Brucella canis is the specific pathogen of human brucellosis carried by dogs. According...
Human brucellosis, one of the most common zoonoses worldwide, is rare in Japan. Brucella canis is the specific pathogen of human brucellosis carried by dogs. According to an epidemiological study of B. canis infection in Japan, B. canis is the specific pathogen of human brucellosis in dogs. We herein report a rare case of meningoencephalomyelitis caused by B. canis in a 68-year-old Japanese man. Neurobrucellosis was diagnosed based on a serum tube agglutination test and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid findings. The patient was started on targeted treatment with a combination of doxycycline and streptomycin. Although extremely rare, neurobrucellosis should be considered in patients with a fever of unknown origin and unexplained neurological symptoms.
PubMed: 37926538
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2664-23 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Nov 2020Canine brucellosis caused by is a zoonotic disease that causes reproductive alterations in dogs, such as infertility, abortion, and epididymitis. This pathogen is...
Canine brucellosis caused by is a zoonotic disease that causes reproductive alterations in dogs, such as infertility, abortion, and epididymitis. This pathogen is especially prevalent in South America, and due to the lack of official control programs and the growing trend of adopting dogs it constitutes a public health risk that must be addressed. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of infection in kennel, shelter, and household dogs and to characterize the genomic properties of circulating strains, including and B operons and 25/31 genes. Samples from 771 dogs were obtained, and the infection was detected by blood culture and/or serology in 7.0% of the animals. The complete and B operons and the 25/31 genes were detected. Interestingly, we found different single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in some of the analyzed genes, which could mean a change in the fitness or virulence of these strains. This study provides further evidence about dogs as a source of strains that can infect people. This also highlights the need to implement official control programs, including the mandatory testing of dogs, especially stray dogs, before adoption.
PubMed: 33182313
DOI: 10.3390/ani10112073 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2022Canine brucellosis is primarily caused by , but other species can also cause the disease. Identifying sequences specific to and establishing PCR assays that can...
Canine brucellosis is primarily caused by , but other species can also cause the disease. Identifying sequences specific to and establishing PCR assays that can distinguish between and other species is essential to determine the etiology of canine brucellosis and the source of infection and to achieve effective control. We analyzed the gaps and SNPs of genomes I and II from strain RM6/66 and strain 16M using the Mauve genome alignment software, and the specificity of each of these differential regions was analyzed by BLAST. A 132 bp specific sequence was found between the DK60_915 (glycosyl hydrolase 108 family protein) and DK60_917 (aldose 1-epimerase) loci in chromosome 1. Further comparative analysis revealed that this is a reverse complement sequence between and other species. Then, three primers were designed based on the sequence that could detect with a 310 bp amplification product or other species with a 413 bp product. The PCR based on these primers had reasonable specificity and a sensitivity of 100 copies of DNA. The detection results for the blood samples of the aborted dogs showed a favorable accordance with the Bruce-ladder multiplex PCR assay. In conclusion, we found a specific reverse complement sequence between and other and developed a PCR method that allows a more comprehensive identification of the pathogen involved in canine brucellosis. These findings provide an effective means for preventing and controlling brucellosis.
PubMed: 36406068
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.983482 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2012Brucella is a Gram-negative, facultative intracellular bacterium that causes zoonotic brucellosis in humans and various animals. Out of 10 classified Brucella species,... (Review)
Review
Brucella is a Gram-negative, facultative intracellular bacterium that causes zoonotic brucellosis in humans and various animals. Out of 10 classified Brucella species, B. melitensis, B. abortus, B. suis, and B. canis are pathogenic to humans. In the past decade, the mechanisms of Brucella pathogenesis and host immunity have been extensively investigated using the cutting edge systems biology and bioinformatics approaches. This article provides a comprehensive review of the applications of Omics (including genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics) and bioinformatics technologies for the analysis of Brucella pathogenesis, host immune responses, and vaccine targets. Based on more than 30 sequenced Brucella genomes, comparative genomics is able to identify gene variations among Brucella strains that help to explain host specificity and virulence differences among Brucella species. Diverse transcriptomics and proteomics gene expression studies have been conducted to analyze gene expression profiles of wild type Brucella strains and mutants under different laboratory conditions. High throughput Omics analyses of host responses to infections with virulent or attenuated Brucella strains have been focused on responses by mouse and cattle macrophages, bovine trophoblastic cells, mouse and boar splenocytes, and ram buffy coat. Differential serum responses in humans and rams to Brucella infections have been analyzed using high throughput serum antibody screening technology. The Vaxign reverse vaccinology has been used to predict many Brucella vaccine targets. More than 180 Brucella virulence factors and their gene interaction networks have been identified using advanced literature mining methods. The recent development of community-based Vaccine Ontology and Brucellosis Ontology provides an efficient way for Brucella data integration, exchange, and computer-assisted automated reasoning.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, Bacterial; Brucella; Brucella Vaccine; Computational Biology; Genomics; Humans; Proteomics; Systems Biology; Transcriptome; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 22919594
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2012.00002